INTEGRA-TR™ WIRELESS MODEM FOR LICENSED SPECTRUM USER MANUAL PN 001-4008-100 REV 6 FEBRUARY 2013
REVISION HISTORY Rev 0
June 2011 Initial Release.
Rev 1
August 2011 Changed Dual Band references to Dual IF, sections 1.6 and 1.8. Deleted Synthesizer reference, section 4.3.1.3.
Rev 2
January 2012 Added VHF Dual Band specifications and part numbers, splinter channel frequencies and FCC/IC indicators.
Rev 3
April 2012 Corrected part numbers in section 1.6.
Rev 4
September 2012 Updated VHF model numbers, FCC and IC Emission Designators.
Rev 5
November 2012 Added the 12.5/6.25 kHz bandwidths for the UHF Integra.
Rev 6
February 2013 Corrected errors in Table 4 regarding the 2424048351 and 2424048551 Models. Change the UHF RF Exposure Compliance Requirements table
Important Notices
Because of the nature of wireless communication, transmission and reception of data can never be guaranteed. Data may be delayed, corrupted (i.e., have errors), or be totally lost. Significant delays or losses of data are rare when wireless devices such as the Integra-TR are used in a normal manner with a well-constructed network. Integra-TR should not be used in situations where failure to transmit or receive data could result in damage of any kind to the user or any other party, including but not limited to personal injury, death, or loss of property. CalAmp accepts no responsibility for damages of any kind resulting from delays or errors in data transmitted or received using Integra-TR, or for the failure of Integra-TR to transmit or receive such data. This document provides the information required for the operation and preventive maintenance of the Integra-TR integrated wireless modem. This manual is intended for system designers, installers and maintenance technicians. The Field Programming Software for the Integra is the professional service installer interface. The Field Programming Software should never be made available to unqualified personnel.
Copyright Notice
© 2011 CalAmp Corp. All rights reserved. Products offered may contain software proprietary to CalAmp. The offer of supply of these products and services does not include or infer any transfer of ownership. No part of the documentation or information supplied may be divulged to any third party without the express written consent of CalAmp. CalAmp reserves the right to update its products, software, or documentation without obligation to notify any individual or entity. Product updates may result in differences between the information provided in this manual and the product shipped.
RF Exposure Compliance Requirements The Integra-TR radio is intended for use in the Industrial Monitoring and Control and SCADA markets. The Integra-TR unit must be professionally installed and must ensure a minimum separation distance listed in the table below between the radiating structure and any person. An antenna mounted on a pole or tower is the typical installation and in rare instances, a 1/2-wave whip antenna is used. Antenna Gain Min Safety Distance (cm @max power)
5 dBi
10 dBi
15 dBi
VHF
79.3 cm
141.0 cm
250.8 cm
UHF
74.8 cm
133 cm
236.4 cm
900 MHz
45.0 cm
80.1 cm
142.5 cm
It is the responsibility of the user to guarantee compliance with the FCC MPE regulations when operating this device in a way other than described above. Integra-TR uses a low power radio frequency transmitter. The concentrated energy from an antenna may pose a health hazard. People should not be in front of the antenna when the transmitter is operating. The installer of this equipment must ensure the antenna is located or pointed such that it does not emit an RF field in excess of Health Canada limits for the general population. Recommended safety guidelines for the human exposure to radio frequency electromagnetic energy are contained in the Canadian Safety Code 6 (available from Health Canada) and the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) Bulletin 65. Any changes or modifications not expressly approved by the party responsible for compliance (in the country where used) could void the user's authority to operate the equipment.
Table of Contents 1
PRODUCT OVERVIEW ........................................................................................................................................................... 6 1.1 General Description ..................................................................................................................................................... 6 1.2 Operational Characteristics ......................................................................................................................................... 6 1.3 Physical Description ..................................................................................................................................................... 7 1.4 Front Panel ................................................................................................................................................................... 7 1.4.1 Antenna Connector .............................................................................................................................................. 7 1.4.2 LED Indicators ...................................................................................................................................................... 7 1.4.3 COM Port ............................................................................................................................................................. 8 1.4.4 Setup Port ............................................................................................................................................................ 9 1.5 Rear Panel .................................................................................................................................................................... 9 1.5.1 Heat Sink ............................................................................................................................................................ 10 1.5.2 Power – I/O Connector ...................................................................................................................................... 10 1.6 Part Number Breakdown ........................................................................................................................................... 10 1.6.1 Transceiver Identification .................................................................................................................................. 11 1.7 Accessories and Options ............................................................................................................................................ 11 1.8 Specifications ............................................................................................................................................................. 12 2 Getting Started .................................................................................................................................................................. 14 2.1 Device Connections.................................................................................................................................................... 14 2.2 Field Programming Software ..................................................................................................................................... 14 2.2.1 Installing the FPS ................................................................................................................................................ 15 2.2.2 Using the FPS ..................................................................................................................................................... 16 3 Network Applications ........................................................................................................................................................ 17 3.1 RF Path and Communications Range ......................................................................................................................... 17 3.2 Common Architecural Characteristics ....................................................................................................................... 17 3.2.1 Point-to-Point System ........................................................................................................................................ 17 3.2.2 Point-to-Multipoint System ............................................................................................................................... 18 3.2.3 Extending a Landline (Tail Circuit) ...................................................................................................................... 20 4 Integra-TR Field Programming Software ........................................................................................................................... 21 4.1 Integra-TR Programmer Window ............................................................................................................................... 21 4.2 File Menu ................................................................................................................................................................... 21 4.3 Edit Menu................................................................................................................................................................... 22 4.3.1 Setup Modem/Radio Parameters ...................................................................................................................... 23 4.3.2 Version Request ................................................................................................................................................. 32 4.3.3 List Information .................................................................................................................................................. 33 4.3.4 Apply Integra Reset ............................................................................................................................................ 33 4.3.5 Program Comment/ID ........................................................................................................................................ 33 4.3.6 Program Parameters .......................................................................................................................................... 34 4.3.7 Read Parameters ................................................................................................................................................ 35 4.3.8 Copy Parameters ................................................................................................................................................ 35 4.4 Utilities Menu ............................................................................................................................................................ 35 4.4.1 Port Settings ....................................................................................................................................................... 36 4.4.2 Swap COM Ports ................................................................................................................................................ 39 4.4.3 Port Statistics ..................................................................................................................................................... 39 4.4.4 Offline Link Test ................................................................................................................................................. 41 4.4.5 Offline Diagnostics ............................................................................................................................................. 42 4.4.6 Online Diagnostics ............................................................................................................................................. 45 4.4.7 Diagnostic IDs and Alarms.................................................................................................................................. 48 4.4.8 User Test ............................................................................................................................................................ 49 4.4.9 Packet Test ......................................................................................................................................................... 51 4.4.10 Array Test ........................................................................................................................................................... 53
4.4.11 Ping Test ............................................................................................................................................................. 55 4.4.12 ASCII/Hex Terminal ............................................................................................................................................ 57 4.5 Program Code Menu .................................................................................................................................................. 59 5 Network Optimization ....................................................................................................................................................... 60 5.1 Choose the best protocol ........................................................................................................................................... 60 5.2 Check timer settings .................................................................................................................................................. 60 5.3 Avoid flow control ...................................................................................................................................................... 60 5.4 Use the highest suitable port baud rate .................................................................................................................... 60 5.5 Evaluate the need for online diagnostics ................................................................................................................... 60 5.6 Interpreting RSSI Readings ......................................................................................................................................... 60 5.7 Interpreting Power Readings ..................................................................................................................................... 61 5.8 swr and Reverse Power.............................................................................................................................................. 61 6 DEFINITIONS ...................................................................................................................................................................... 62
1
PRODUCT OVERVIEW
This document provides the information required for the operation and preventive maintenance of the Integra-TR integrated wireless modem. This manual is intended for system designers, installers and maintenance technicians. The Field Programming Software for the Integra is the professional service installer interface. The Field Programming Software should never be made available to unqualified personnel.
1.1
GENERAL DESCRIPTION
Integra-TR is a high-speed transparent integrated wireless modem. It is FCC refarming compliant and designed specifically to fit the needs of SCADA, telemetry and control applications. Integra-TR provides the communication links to data equipment for installations where wired communication is impractical. Integra-TR works with most makes and models of remote terminal units (RTU) and programmable logic controllers (PLC) and their protocols. Configuration settings allow tailoring for a variety of applications. Integra-TR supports: • •
1.2
Point to point Master-Remote or Peer-to-Peer configurations in simplex or half-duplex modes. Point to multipoint Master-Remote configuration in simplex or half-duplex modes and offers full-duplex in dualunit configuration. These configurations are available as I-Base products. Contact your CalAmp Representative for details.
OPERATIONAL CHARACTERISTICS
Integra-TR has the following operational characteristics:                
Selectable network speeds of 4800 and 9600 b/s for half channel units as well as 4800, 9600 and 19200 b/s for full channel units Backward compatible with the Integra-T for bit rate of 4800 and 9600 b/s (full channel units only) One COM port for connection to DTE. Speed of 1200 - 19200 baud One Setup port for configuration and diagnostics (speed fixed to 9600 baud, 8 bit, no parity, 1 stop bit) Built-in 5-watt transceiver (adjustable 1-5 watts), operating in the VHF, UHF or 900 MHz communications bands. Half-duplex or simplex operation Fully transparent operation with error-free data delivery Allows transmission of “break” characters DOX (Data Operated Transmit) or RTS mode Stations may be set as “master” or “remote” to prevent remote stations from hearing each other in a simplex RF configuration Full local and remote diagnostics Two configurable I/O lines programmable as either 8-bit analog inputs or digital outputs 12 VDC, negative ground device CWID provides the ability to program the unit to periodically identify itself on the air by sending the FCC Station ID in Morse code Disable Tx w/Carrier Present configures the unit to prevent transmission when the radio channel is busy Low power consumption modes: “sleep” and “suspend” modes (< 20 mA) Multi-channel capability under system PLC control provides advanced network monitoring
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1.3
PHYSICAL DESCRIPTION
Integra-TR consists of a logic PCB (which includes modem circuitry) and a radio module. Each logic PCB and radio module are matched together and characterized in the factory to optimize performance as an intelligent unit. The two boards then slide into the rails of an extruded aluminum case. DTE connection is made via a front panel connector. Power is applied through a rear panel 4-pin connector which includes two programmable analog connections usable as inputs or outputs. The unit is not hermetically sealed and should be mounted in a suitable enclosure when dust and/or a corrosive atmosphere are anticipated. Physically, there are no external switches or adjustments. All operating parameters are set using the Field Programming Software.
1.4
FRONT PANEL
Integra-TR front panel elements are described in Figure 1 - Integra TR Front Panel Figure 1. Figure 1 - Integra TR Front Panel
1.4.1 ANTENNA CONNECTOR Integra-TR antenna connector is a female 50-ohm SMA- type. Units operating with a rubber duck connected directly to the antenna connector may exhibit unusual operating characteristics and high levels of reverse power.
1.4.2 LED INDICATORS Integra-TR has four two-color LED indicators. Their functions are shown in Table 1. LED indicators may vary during startup. Table 1 - LEDs LED
RUN/PWR
Color
Functions
Green
Normal operation
Flash Yellow and Green
Setup mode or loading new application or new bootloader
Flash Red
Firmware error (Contact Technical Support)
Red
CPU or PROM failure (Contact Technical Support)
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CS/SYN
RX/TX
RD/TD
Off
No RF RX carrier
Green
Receive carrier present
Red
(Reserved)
Off
No RF RX carrier
Green
Receiving network data
Yellow
Synthesizer unlocked
Red
Transmitter is on
Off
Idle
Green
RX data outgoing from RS-232 port
Red
TX data incoming at RS-232 port (or Buffered in CSMA Mode)
1.4.3 COM PORT Integra-TR is configured as DCE. DTE devices should be connected using a nine-conductor pin-to-pin straight cable (PN 6974008-408). Some RTUs or PLCs may require a special cable to route the signals correctly. Refer to your data equipment documentation package. DTE baud rates from 1200 to 19200 are supported. Integra-TR's are factory set for or 9600 b/s, 8 bits, no parity, and 1 stop bit. Unless required by your operating protocol, we advise restricting port speed to be equal to or less than the RF network speed. Table 2 - COM Port Signals Pin
Name
Function
1
DCD
Output: Always asserted or asserted when receive RF carrier present (selectable via Field Programming Software)
2
RXD
Output: Data from Integra-TR to DTE
3
TXD
Input: Data from DTE to Integra-TR
4
DTR
Input: Ignored
5
GND
Signal and chassis ground
6
DSR
Output: always positive
7
RTS
Input: Used as a “begin transmission” signal in RTS mode
8
CTS
Output: Used for handshaking in RTS mode and used for flow control in DOX mode RTS mode: RTS to CTS delay in 4 ms DOX mode: CTS always asserted except when data overflow is detected
9
RI
Not internally connected, reserved
The DE-9F pin out is shown in Figure 2 for reference. Figure 2 - COM and Setup Port Connectors Pin Locations 5
4
9
3
8
2
7
1
6 Page | 8
For DTE that lack RTS control, Integra-TR can operate in DOX (Data Operated Transmit) mode with only Transmit Data, Receive Data and Ground. This 3-wire interface is shown in Figure XX. Figure 3 - 3-wire Interface
1.4.4 SETUP PORT The Setup port uses a DE-9 female connector configured as DCE. Signals are described in Table 3. Table 3 - Setup Port Signals Pin
Name
Function
1
DCD
Tied directly to DTR
2
RXD
Data from Integra-TR to setup PC
3
TXD
Data from setup PC to Integra-TR
4
DTR
Tied directly to DCD
5
GND
Signal and chassis ground
6
DSR
Output: always positive (asserted)
7
RTS
Tied to CTS
8
CTS
Tied to RTS
9
RI
Not internally connected, reserved
The Setup port uses a proprietary communications protocol designed to work with the Integra-TR Field Programming Software program. It is also designed to provide alpha numeric (ASCII) diagnostics information when connected to a PC terminal emulator.
1.5
REAR PANEL Figure 4 - Integra-TR Rear Panel
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1.5.1 HEAT SINK The rear panel heat sink is essential for proper operation of the Integra-TR transmitter. The unit must be mounted in a location that permits free air circulation past the heat sink. Cooling will be best if the fins are vertical.
1.5.2 POWER – I/O CONNECTOR The Integra-TR power requires a regulated power source of 13.3 VDC nominal (10-16 VDC MAX) negative ground with a 3.0 A rating. An internal surface-mount 3A fuse (not field-replaceable) and a crowbar diode protect the main RF power components from reverse polarity. Application of more than 16 VDC will damage the unit and is not covered by the warranty. The 4-pin power/analog connector pin out is shown in Figure 5. Figure 5 - I/O Connector
Note: If I/O connections are not used the green and white wires should be cut back and/or taped to prevent contact (power I/O cable part number 697-4008001 see Table 5).
1.6
PART NUMBER BREAKDOWN
The following table provides a breakdown of the Integra-TR part number. Table 4- Integra-TR Part Number Breakdown 242-40W8-XYZ* W X 1
4
VHF
UHF
Y
Z
4
136-162 MHz
5
0
Dual IF 12.5 & 25 kHz
4
136-162 MHz
5
1
Dual IF 6.25 & 12.5 kHz
5
148-174 MHz
5
0
Dual IF 12.5 & 25 kHz
5
148-174 MHz
5
1
Dual IF 6.25 & 12.5 kHz
3
406.1-440 MHz (for U.S.)
5
0
Dual IF 12.5 & 25 kHz
3
406.1-440 MHz (for U.S.)
5
1
Dual IF 6.25 & 12.5 kHz
5
440-476 MHz (for U.S.)
5
0
Dual IF 12.5 & 25 kHz
5
440-476 MHz (for U.S.)
5
1
Dual IF 6.25 & 12.5 kHz
3
406.1-430 MHz (for Canada)
5
0
Dual IF 12.5 & 25 kHz
3
406.1-430 MHz (for Canada)
5
1
Dual IF 6.25 & 12.5 kHz
5
450-470 MHz (for Canada)
5
0
Dual IF 12.5 & 25 kHz
5
450-470 MHz (for Canada)
5
1
Dual IF 6.25 & 12.5 kHz
*An F should follow any part number to designate an Integra-TR with the cooling fan option. Page | 10
1.6.1 TRANSCEIVER IDENTIFICATION The transceiver identification is a random, unique serial number (SN) that can be found on the side label of the Integra-TR device. It is also printed on the box label. 1.7
ACCESSORIES AND OPTIONS Table 5 - Accessories
Part Number
Accessory
250-4008-001 697-5000-101
Integra-TR Field Programming Kit includes software, technical manual on CD ROM with programming cable (Part Number 697-4008-408) SMA to Type N-Male Adapter Cable
002-4008-100
Start-Up Disc includes Field Programming Software, Manual and Quick Start Guide
Catalog Number + (F)
Factory Installed Cooling Fan
697-4008-001
Power cable
250-0300-133
Switching Power Converter (SPC)
250-0300-175
Demo Power Kit
250-0045-103
Data Interface Kit
250-0005-105
Data Diagnostic Kit
250-5800-408
Integra-TR DIN-rail Mounting Kit
Contact Technical Service
*Full-duplex base station Figure 6: Integra-TR Mechanical Specifications
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1.8
SPECIFICATIONS
These specifications are subject to change without notice. RF specifications are measured per TIA/EIA-603 with a psophometric baseband filter. General Frequency Channels Channel Bandwidth Operating Temperature Supply Voltage RX Current Drain at 13.3 VDC TX Current Drain at 13.3 VDC Power Saving Mode Current Drain 1 Cold Start 2 Warm Start Rx 3 Warm Start Tx 4 Tx Turn On Time RX/TX Bandwidth (without tuning) +
VHF 136-174 Dual IF, UHF 406.1-476 MHz Dual IF
Multi-channel capability under system PLC control VHF - 6.25 and 12.5 kHz or 12.5 and 25 kHz (software programmable) UHF - 12.5 and 25 kHz (software programmable) -30° to + 60° C 10 - 16 VDC maximum (nominal 13.3) Fuse protected against reverse voltage < 270 mA (with a terminal connected to Integra-TR COM port) 60 dB minimum x51 - Dual IF 6.25 & 12.5 kHz models >55 dB minimum x50 - Dual IF 12.5 & 25.0 kHz models >65 dB minimum >70 dB minimum >70 dB minimum < -57 dBm
1
Cold Start: Time from DC power applied until unit is fully ready to receive or transmit data Warm Start Rx: In power saving modes (sleep or suspend), wake-up time for full receiver recovery 3 Warm Start Tx: In power saving modes (sleep or suspend), wake-up time for full transceiver operation 4 Tx Turn On Time: Typical Rx to Tx switching time for stable transmission 2
Transmitter RF Power Output
1 to 5 Watts, software adjustable
Spurious and Harmonics
the allowed parameters. Figure 33: Online Diagnostics
The following Online Diagnostics are gathered: 
Short ID Displays the Short ID of the unit transmitting the diagnostics.

Temp Displays the internal case temperature (in Celsius) of the unit transmitting the diagnostics.

Batt Displays the supply voltage (in volts) of the unit transmitting the diagnostics.

Local RSSI If these are the diagnostics from a Remote Station, Local RSSI indicates the RSSI level of the Local Station obtained by the Remote Station transmitting these diagnostics. If these are the diagnostics from the Local Station, Local RSSI indicates the RSSI level of the Local Station from the last transmission of a Remote Station.

FwdP Displays the forward power (in watts) of the unit transmitting the diagnostics.
Page | 46

RevP Reverse Power displays the approximate measure of reverse (reflected) power of the unit transmitting the diagnostics. This is represented as “Good” if the reverse power is within acceptable limits and is represented as “Bad” if the reverse power is too high. The threshold is set to approximately 1/4 the forward power.

Remote RSSI If these are the diagnostics from a Remote Station, Remote RSSI indicates the RSSI level of the Remote Station from the last received transmission. If these are diagnostics from the Local Station, Remote RSSI indicates the RSSI level of the Remote Station last received at the local Station.

Rx Quality Displays the receive quality (in %) of the remote unit. This is the number of correctly decoded transmissions received (in the last 15) divided by the number of total transmissions detected.

Time The time stamp when the diagnostics were received.

Filter Allows the user to filter Short IDs. The following options are available: • Off (All IDs): no IDs are filtered out. • ID List: only the IDs in the Filter ID List are shown. • Selected ID: only the selected ID in the Filter ID List is shown.

Display Allows the user to format on screen data. The following options are available: • Scroll (by time): displays the diagnostics as they are received. • Slotted (by ID): sorts the diagnostics by Short ID. Using this option, each Short ID will have one row of diagnostics, showing the most recent.

Progress This panel shows the sorting progress of the diagnostics if a filter was changed.

Local ID The Short ID of the unit interfaced with the PC.

Filter ID List This is a listing of Remote IDs setup in the Diagnostic IDs and Alarms Screen. This list is used for selecting a filter.

Pause Allows the user to pause the reception of the diagnostics for scrolling through the grid.

Clear Allows the user to clear the display and current Online Diagnostics.

Save Allows the user to save the current Online Diagnostics to a file. A maximum of 4096 lines of data can be saved.
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4.4.7 DIAGNOSTIC IDS AND ALARMS From the Programmer Window, Select Utilities – Diagnostics IDs and Alarms The Diagnostics IDs and Alarms screen allows the user to set up the ID List for use with the Offline Link Test, and Offline and Online Diagnostics as well as Alarms for use with Online Diagnostics. Figure 34: Diagnostic IDs and Alarms Screen
4.4.7.1 ID ENTRY AND LIST 
ID Entry Allows the user to add Short IDs to the ID List. The range of this field is 1 to 1023 (ID 255 is reserved). A Short ID is added to the ID list by hitting Enter or by pressing the Add ID button.

ID List Allows the user to select a Short ID from the list to delete. A Short ID is deleted from the list by pressing the Delete ID button.

IP Address Allows the user to receive diagnostics through a serial to Ethernet converter with this IP Address. Default allows the user to select a default unit for the diagnostics when received through a serial to Ethernet converter.
4.4.7.2 ALARMS FOR ONLINE DIAGNOSTICS Alarm indications are available with Online Diagnostics. When Online Diagnostics are received and a diagnostic field falls outside the Alarm limits, a “” character will designate a value greater than the High Alarm (See Figure 34).
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
Low/High RSSI Enter the high and low limits for acceptable RSSI levels (in dBm).

Low/High Temp Enter the high and low limits for acceptable temperature levels (in Celsius).

Low/High Batt Enter the high and low limits for acceptable battery voltage levels (in volts).

Low/High Fwd Pwr Enter the high and low limits for acceptable forward power levels (in watts).
4.4.8 USER TEST From the Programmer Window, Select Utilities – User Test. The User Test utility is an Offline function and requires suspension of network operation. Figure 35: User Test Screen
A User Test’s diagnostic parameters include: 
Unit ID The Short ID of the unit from which the diagnostics were received

RSSI Level Received Signal Strength Indication in dBm.

Battery Voltage Supply voltage in volts.

Temperature Internal temperature in Celsius.

Forward Power Forward power in watts or dBm.
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
Reverse Power Reverse power in watts or dBm.

External I/O 1 Voltage on the External I/O 1 Input from the Power - I/O Connector (in volts).

External I/O 2 Voltage on the External I/O Input from the Power - I/O Connector (in volts).

Preamble Good The number of correctly decoded transmissions received in the last 15. Used with Preamble Total, this serves as an indication of how well the unit is receiving data.

Preamble Total The number of total transmissions detected, maximum is 15. Used with Preamble Good, this serves as an indication of how well the unit is receiving data.

RSSI/Pwr This panel shows the current RSSI level (in dBm) while the local unit is receiving and the current power level (in watts or dBm) while the local unit is transmitting.

Rev Pwr This check box changes forward power to reverse power on the Power Panel from while the local unit is transmitting.

Power in dBm This check box allows the user to view Fwd/Rev Power in dBm (instead of watts).

Tx Mode This box allows the user to select different transmit modes when the unit is told to transmit. • Tone - the unit transmits a 1200 Hz tone • Mod Balance - the unit transmits a 100 Hz square wave • Random Data - the unit transmits random data • No Modulation - the unit transmits a carrier with no modulation

Rx/Tx Frequency Shows the current transmit frequencies

F5 Pressing the F5 key will cause the unit to transmit on the programmed transmit frequency

F6 Pressing the F6 key will cause the unit to go to receive on the programmed receive frequency
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4.4.9 PACKET TEST From the Programmer Window, Select Utilities – Packet Test The Packet Test allows the user to simulate a Host/Remote polling environment. The Host will send out a packet to the Remote and the Remote will reply to the Master with the same packet information. This test is useful for testing the modem link. Figure 36: Packet Test Screen

Host Packets Tx’ed Shows the number of data packet the Host device sent to the Remote

Remote Packets Rx’ed Shows the number of data packets the Remote device successfully received from the Host

Host to Remote % Shows the number of data packets the Remote device has successfully sent to the Remote

Remote Packets Tx’ed Shows the number of data packets the Remote device sent back to the Host

Host Packets Rx’ed Shows the number of data packets the Host device successfully received from the Remote

Remote to Host % Shows the percentage of data packets the Remote device successfully sent to the Host
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
Overall % Shows the percentage of Host received packets versus Host transmitted packets

# of Packets to Send A programmable number to tell the Host how many data packets to send to the Remote. After the programmed number of data packets are sent, the transmission will automatically stop

Bytes of Data/Packet A programmable number to tell the Host the number of data bytes to send in each packet. The Remote will respond with the same number of data bytes received

COM Port/ Network Radio The ratio of COM Port baud rate to network (over-the-air) baud rate of the modem. This is used if the network baud rate is slower than the COM Port baud rate. If the COM Port baud rate is 9600 and the network baud rate is 4800, set the ratio to 2. If the COM Port baud rate and the Network Baud Rate are the same, set the Ratio to 1

Packet Delay (s) Tells the Host the number of seconds to delay between sending each data packet (range is from 0.00 to 10.00 seconds in 0.25 second intervals)

Host/Remote Allows the user to choose the COM Port configuration o Host (Primary Port) - Configure the Primary COM Port as the Host device (the device initiating packets to the Remote device). o Remote (Primary Port) - Configure the Primary COM Port as the Remote device (the device responding to the packets from the Host device. o Host/Remote (1 computer / 2 ports) - Configure the Primary COM Port as the Host device and the Secondary COM Port as the Remote device. A computer with 2 COM Ports is required for this option. o Host/Remote (1 Port using a Y-cable) - A computer with 1 COM Port is typical for this option (See Table 8). Configure the Primary COM Port as the Host and Remote device. A Y-cable is required for this option (where Tx connections are split out to the transmitting device and the Rx connections are split out to the receiving device). Table 8: Y-Cable Connections
Pin Name
DB-9
DB-25
Computer
Rx
Tx
DCD
1
8
X
X
-
RxD
2
3
X
X
-
TxD
3
2
X
-
X
DTR
4
20
-
-
-
GND
5
7
X
X
X
DSR
6
6
-
-
-
RTS
7
4
X
-
X
CTS
8
5
X
-
X
RI
9
22
-
-
-
Page | 52
4.4.10 ARRAY TEST From the Programmer Window, Select Utilities – Array Test. The Array Test utility is used to send programmable length test packets. The packets are built using one of four possible patterns. For pattern descriptions, refer to Section XX. Figure 37: Array Test Screen

Packets Tx’ed Shows the total number of data packets transmitted

# of Packets to Send Shows the number of data packets to send before stopping (the range is 0 to unlimited)

Type of Data Select the data pattern for each data packet. The size and format for each pattern is shown in the pattern descriptions

Packet Size Shows the number of data bytes in each packet

# of Packets Shows the number of packets in each transmission

Packet Delay Shows the amount of time (in seconds) to delay between each packet transmission (range is from 0.00 to 30.00 seconds in 0.25 second intervals).

COM Port Select Primary or Secondary COM Port to be used for transmitting data.
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4.4.10.1 PATTERN DESCRIPTIONS ASCII Pattern The ASCII Pattern Packet are 58 characters in length and have a sequence number at the beginning of each string, starting at 000, incrementing to 999 and wrapping around to 000 again. The pattern used to build the packets should have the following format (in ASCII): 000 ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz 001 ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz --998 ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz 999 ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz 000 ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz 001 ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz ASCII Number Pattern The ASCII Number Pattern are 54 characters in length and have a sequence number at the beginning of each string, starting at 000, incrementing to 999 and wrapping around to 000 again. The pattern used to build the packets should have the following format (in ASCII): 000 00 11 22 33 44 55 66 77 88 99 AA BB CC DD EE FF 001 00 11 22 33 44 55 66 77 88 99 AA BB CC DD EE FF --998 00 11 22 33 44 55 66 77 88 99 AA BB CC DD EE FF 999 00 11 22 33 44 55 66 77 88 99 AA BB CC DD EE FF 000 00 11 22 33 44 55 66 77 88 99 AA BB CC DD EE FF 001 00 11 22 33 44 55 66 77 88 99 AA BB CC DD EE FF Binary Pattern Binary Pattern packets are 16 characters in length and have a sequence number every 16 characters, starting at 0x00, incrementing to 0xFF and wrapping around to 0x00 again. The pattern used to build the packets should have the following format (in Hex): 00 01 02 -FE FF 00 01 02 --
11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11
22 22 22 22 22 22 22 22 22 22
33 33 33 33 33 33 33 33 33 33
44 44 44 44 44 44 44 44 44 44
55 55 55 55 55 55 55 55 55 55
66 66 66 66 66 66 66 66 66 66
77 77 77 77 77 77 77 77 77 77
88 88 88 88 88 88 88 88 88 88
99 99 99 99 99 99 99 99 99 99
AA AA AA AA AA AA AA AA AA AA
BB BB BB BB BB BB BB BB BB BB
CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC CC
DD DD DD DD DD DD DD DD DD DD
EE EE EE EE EE EE EE EE EE EE
FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF
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Random Binary Pattern Random Binary Pattern is 16 characters in length and contains random binary data.
4.4.11 PING TEST From the Programmer Window, Select Utilities – Ping Test. The PING Test is used to simulate a Host/Remote polling environment. The Master sends out a packet to the Remote and the Remote replies to the Master with the same packet information. Figure 38: Ping Test

Remote Displays the IP Address of the device under test

Minimum Time Displays the minimum amount of time taken for the Ping Packet to echo back from the Remote device (in milliseconds).

Maximum Time Displays the maximum amount of time taken for the Ping Packet to echo back from the Remote device (in milliseconds).

Average Time Displays the average amount of time taken for the Ping Packet to echo back from the Remote device (in milliseconds).

Blocks Tx’ed to Remote Displays the number of data packets sent to the Remote device.

Blocks Rx’ed from Remote Displays the number of data packets received from the Remote device.

Ping Quality Displays the overall percentage of data packets sent vs. data packets received during the Ping Test.

Type of Data Displays the type of Data Pattern to be used for each packet. The size for each Data Pattern is shown below in Packet Size. The following lists the formats of the Data Patterns:
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ASCII Pattern The packets will be 52 characters in length. The pattern used to build the packets will have the following format (in ASCII): ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz --ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz ASCII Number Pattern The packets will be 48 characters in length. The pattern used to build the packets will have the following format (in ASCII): 00 11 22 33 44 55 66 77 88 99 AA BB CC DD EE FF 00 11 22 33 44 55 66 77 88 99 AA BB CC DD EE FF --00 11 22 33 44 55 66 77 88 99 AA BB CC DD EE FF Binary Pattern The packets will be 16 characters in length. The pattern used to build the packets will have the following format (in Hex): 00 11 22 33 44 55 66 77 88 99 AA BB CC DD EE FF 00 11 22 33 44 55 66 77 88 99 AA BB CC DD EE FF --00 11 22 33 44 55 66 77 88 99 AA BB CC DD EE FF Random Binary Pattern The packets will be 16 characters in length and contain random binary data. 
Packet Size Packet Size displays the number of bytes in each packet.

# of Packets/Block Displays the number of packets in each transmission block

Total Bytes/Block Displays the total number of blocks in each transmission block

# Blocks to Send Displays the number of blocks to be sent to the Remote device (after selected number has been sent, transmission automatically stops).

Block Delay Displays the amount of time (in seconds) of delay between each block transmission (range is from 0.000 to 5.000 seconds in 0.125 second intervals). Block Delay is user programmable.
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
Start Begins the Ping Test.

Stop Stops the Ping Test.

Save Offers the user the option to save the information received from the test.

Close Closes the Ping Test window.
4.4.12 ASCII/HEX TERMINAL The ASCII and Hex Terminal Screens are accessed from the Utilities pull-down menu and allow the user to select an ASCII, Hexadecimal TCP Socket or UDP Socket Terminal Screen for the Primary and Secondary COM Ports (configured in the Port Settings screen - see Section 4.4.1) Data is sent according to the port configuration set up in the Port Settings screen.
4.4.12.1 ASCII TERMINAL From the Programmer Window, Select Utilities – ASCII Terminal. ASCII Terminal configurations are defined below. Figure 39: ASCII Terminal Screen
Primary The Primary ASCII Terminal screen allows the user to send and receive ASCII data on the Primary COM Port (setup in the Port Settings screen).
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Secondary The Secondary ASCII Terminal screen allows the user to send and receive ASCII data on the Secondary COM Port (set up in the Port Settings screen). TCP Socket The TCP Socket Terminal screen allows the user to send and receive ASCII data over a TCP connection. UDP Socket The UDP Socket Terminal screen allows the user to send and receive ASCII data over a UDP connection.
4.4.12.2 HEX TERMINAL From the Programmer Window, Select Utilities – Hex Terminal. Hex Terminal configurations are defined below. Figure 40: HEX Terminal Screen
Primary The Primary Hex Terminal screen selects a Hexadecimal Terminal screen to send and receive Hexadecimal data on the Primary COM Port (set up in the Port Settings screen). Secondary The Secondary Hex Terminal screen selects a Hexadecimal Terminal screen to send and receive Hexadecimal data on the Secondary COM Port (set up in the Port Settings screen).
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TCP Socket The TCP Socket Terminal screen allows the user to send and receive Hexadecimal data over a TCP connection. UDP Socket The UDP Socket Terminal screen allows the user to send and receive Hexadecimal data over a UDP connection.
4.5
PROGRAM CODE MENU
The Program Code pull-down menu allows the user to update the Integra-TR firmware (*.bin) with the Program Firmware option, Read Boot Code Version, Select Firmware File (allows the user to select the file to program the firmware in the Integra-TR) or Upgrade Boot Code file. Selecting one of these options opens a standard navigation window to select the desired file. Figure 41: Select Firmware File Window (for reference only)
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5
NETWORK OPTIMIZATION
Detailed system engineering is beyond the scope of this manual. However, there are some simple tips that can be used to optimize performance of a radio based SCADA or telemetry system.
5.1
CHOOSE THE BEST PROTOCOL
Some SCADA devices allow a choice of more than one operating protocol. In some cases, performance can be improved by selecting a different protocol. Contact Technical Service for assistance.
5.2
CHECK TIMER SETTINGS
Polling protocols issue a poll and wait a certain time for a response. Integra-TR adds a short amount of delay to each poll and response (typically in the order of 60 to 70 ms). Timer settings that are too short may cause erroneous indication of missed polls, in which case the application may retry or continue to cycle, ignoring the missed station. In this case, the response may collide with the next poll, further increasing errors. Setting an adequate timer margin will avoid problems and maximize performance.
5.3
AVOID FLOW CONTROL
Set the COM port baud rate to a value less than or equal to the radio network speed (2400, 4800, 9600 or 19200 b/s). In a polling system, this will prevent buffer overflow with possible missed transmissions. If the port baud rate must be set higher than the radio network speed, you may have to limit message length to prevent possible buffer overflow. Integra-TR will exert a flow control signal (CTS dropped) if buffers are almost full, but not all DTE honor such signals.
5.4
USE THE HIGHEST SUITABLE PORT BAUD RATE
Do not exceed the radio network speed. Operating an RTU at 1200 b/s on a 9600 b/s network will increase data transmission delays and reduce system performance.
5.5
EVALUATE THE NEED FOR ONLINE DIAGNOSTICS
Enabling online diagnostics increases delays by 2.5 to 20 ms (depending on speed). In critical applications, this extra delay can be eliminated by disabling online diagnostics. Offline Diagnostics (diagnostics on request) remain available.
5.6
INTERPRETING RSSI READINGS
Typical values of RSSI will be in the range of -110 to -60 dBm (depending on network speed), with higher values (i.e. less negative values) indicating a stronger signal. Reliability of data reception depends largely on signal strength. Good design practice calls for a minimum 30 dB “fade margin”, based on a threshold reception level of -107 dBm (1 uV) at speed of 9600 b/s. Experience indicates that this will give about 99.5% reliability.
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Some representative performance values for 9600 b/s operation are given below. These values assume that the units are correctly aligned and installed in a quiet location. Environments with high electrical or RF noise levels will require an increase (less negative) in the numbers shown to achieve a given level of reliability. -100 dBm Approximately 50% reliability. Fading may cause frequent data loss. -90 dBm Approximately 90% reliability. Fading will cause occasional data loss. -80 dBm Approximately 99% reliability. Reasonable tolerance to most fading. -70 dBm Approximately 99.9% reliability with high tolerance to fading. If RSSI values drops seasonally the most likely cause is tree foliage which can interfere with radio transmissions during the spring and summer.
5.7
INTERPRETING POWER READINGS
The values returned are approximate and should not be regarded as an absolute indicator of performance. For example, a unit that shows a forward power of 4.5 watts may actually measure at 5.0 watts on a lab quality wattmeter. For this reason, these values should not be used to indicate that a unit is out of spec or to compare one unit to another. However, the values returned should be consistent for any given unit. If statistics are kept on a unit per unit basis, changes in forward or reflected power are significant. The following conditions are worthy of investigation. 1.
2.
5.8
Forward power output (in watts) drops or rises by more than 10% from its established value. Reflected power remains low. This indicates that the transmitter may need alignment or that a component may be in need of replacement. Forward power output drops by more than 10% from its established value or reflected power shows an increase. This indicates a possible antenna or feedline problem that affects SWR (Standing Wave Ratio).
SWR AND REVERSE POWER
A reverse power reading above zero is an indication that the antenna, feedline or connectors are damaged, corroded or improperly tuned. This creates standing waves that are reported as a Standing Wave Ratio (SWR). Table 9 is based on a forward power of 5 watts (it may be scaled for lower power settings) and gives guidelines to interpreting these figures: Table 9: SWR/Rev Power Interpretation SWR
Rev Power
Significance
1:1
0
Ideal situation
1.5:1
0.2
Normal operation
2:1
0.6
Should be investigated
3:1 or greater
1.25 or greater
Defective antenna, feedline, or connectors
Should values returned by the built-in diagnostics seem to indicate a problem, verify using proper radio shop equipment.
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6
DEFINITIONS
Dribble bits
Extraneous bits delivered at the end of a data transmission. These bits are equivalent to a “squelch tail” in voice systems.
COM Port
The Communications Port of the wireless device. This port is configured as DCE and is designed to connect directly to DTE.
CTS
Clear to Send. An RS-232 output signal from Integra-TR indicating that it is ready to accept data (used in RTS mode).
DCE
Data Communications Equipment. This designation is applied to equipment such as modems. DCE is designed to connect to DTE.
DOX
Data Operated Transmit. A mode of operation in which Integra-TR begins a transmission as soon as data is presented to the RS-232 port.
DTE
Data Terminal Equipment. This designation is applied to equipment such as terminals, PCs, RTUs, PLCs, etc. DTE is designed to connect to DCE.
FPS
Field Programming Software. Windows based software used in the programming and configuration of a variety of CalAmp serial products.
Full Channel
Radio channel bandwidth equal to 25 kHz
Half Channel
Radio channel bandwidth equal to 12.5 kHz
Multi-Channel
The Integra-TR has multi-channel capability under system PLC control for advanced network monitoring.
Network speed
Refers to the bit rate of the RF link between units. This rate is often different from COM port baud rate.
PLC
Programmable Logic Controller. An intelligent device that can make decisions, gather and report information, and control other devices.
Refarming
Strategy for using the radio spectrum more efficiently to meet future communications requirements and the FCC's minimum bit rate requirements with speeds up to 19200 in Full Channel and 9600 in Half Channel.
RTS
Request to Send. RS-232 input signal to Integra-TR indicating that the DTE has data to send. RTS may optionally be used as a transmit switch for Integra-TR.
RTS mode
A mode of operation in which Integra-TR begins a transmission when RTS is raised and continues transmitting until RTS is dropped.
RTU
Remote Terminal Unit. A SCADA device used to gather information or control other devices.
SCADA
Supervisory Control And Data Acquisition. A general term referring to systems that gather data and/or perform control operations.
Setup Port
The configuration / diagnostic port of Integra-TR. This port is designed to be connected to a PC running the Integra Field Programming Software.
Transparent
A transparent unit transmits all data without regard to special characters, etc.
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ABOUT CALAMP CalAmp is a leading provider of wireless communications products that enable anytime/anywhere access to critical information, data and entertainment content. With comprehensive capabilities ranging from product design and development through volume production, CalAmp delivers cost-effective high quality solutions to a broad array of customers and end markets. CalAmp is the leading supplier of Direct Broadcast Satellite (DBS) outdoor customer premise equipment to the U.S. satellite television market. The Company also provides wireless data communication solutions for the telemetry and asset tracking markets, private wireless networks, public safety communications and critical infrastructure and process control applications. For additional information, visit www.calamp.com.